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cylinder
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- Cylinder - n. - A solid body which may be generated by the rotation of a parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of rollerlike form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross section is circular.
- Cylinder - n. - The space inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The space may be limited or unlimited in length.
- Cylinder - n. - Any hollow body of cylindrical form
- Cylinder - n. - The chamber of a steam engine in which the piston is moved by the force of steam.
- Cylinder - n. - The barrel of an air or other pump.
- Cylinder - n. - The revolving platen or bed which produces the impression or carries the type in a cylinder press.
- Cylinder - n. - The bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a revolver.
- Cylinder - n. - The revolving square prism carrying the cards in a Jacquard loom.
- Shaft - n. - A solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine.
- Muff - n. - A blown cylinder of glass which is afterward flattened out to make a sheet.
- Clearance - n. - The distance by which one object clears another, as the distance between the piston and cylinder head at the end of a stroke in a steam engine, or the least distance between the point of a cogwheel tooth and the bottom of a space between teeth of a wheel with which it engages.
- Liner - n. - A lining within the cylinder, in which the piston works and between which and the outer shell of the cylinder a space is left to form a steam jacket.
- Screw - n. - A cylinder, or a cylindrical perforation, having a continuous rib, called the thread, winding round it spirally at a constant inclination, so as to leave a continuous spiral groove between one turn and the next, -- used chiefly for producing, when revolved, motion or pressure in the direction of its axis, by the sliding of the threads of the cylinder in the grooves between the threads of the perforation adapted to it, the former being distinguished as the external, or male screw, or, more usually the screw; the latter as the internal, or female screw, or, more usually, the nut.
- Exhaust - n. - The steam let out of a cylinder after it has done its work there.
- Noncondensing - a. - Not condensing; discharging the steam from the cylinder at a pressure nearly equal to or above that of the atmosphere and not into a condenser.
- Receiver - n. - A vessel for receiving the exhaust steam from the high-pressure cylinder before it enters the low-pressure cylinder, in a compound engine.
- Fleece - n. - The fine web of cotton or wool removed by the doffing knife from the cylinder of a carding machine.
- Cushion - n. - a mass of steam in the end of the cylinder of a steam engine to receive the impact of the piston
- Roller - n. - A cylinder coated with a composition made principally of glue and molassess, with which forms of type are inked previously to taking an impression from them.
- Concave - n. - A curved sheath or breasting for a revolving cylinder or roll.
- Twilly - n. - A machine for cleansing or loosening wool by the action of a revolving cylinder covered with long iron spikes or teeth; a willy or willying machine; -- called also twilly devil, and devil. See Devil, n., 6, and Willy.
- Stalactite - n. - A pendent cone or cylinder of calcium carbonate resembling an icicle in form and mode of attachment. Stalactites are found depending from the roof or sides of caverns, and are produced by deposition from waters which have percolated through, and partially dissolved, the overlying limestone rocks.
- Neurokeratin - n. - A substance, resembling keratin, present in nerve tissue, as in the sheath of the axis cylinder of medullated nerve fibers. Like keratin it resists the action of most chemical agents, and by decomposition with sulphuric acid yields leucin and tyrosin.
- Airometer - n. - A hollow cylinder to contain air. It is closed above and open below, and has its open end plunged into water.
- Bore - v. t. - To form or enlarge by means of a boring instrument or apparatus; as, to bore a steam cylinder or a gun barrel; to bore a hole.
- Indicator - n. - An instrument which draws a diagram showing the varying pressure in the cylinder of an engine or pump at every point of the stroke. It consists of a small cylinder communicating with the engine cylinder and fitted with a piston which the varying pressure drives upward more or less against the resistance of a spring. A lever imparts motion to a pencil which traces the diagram on a card wrapped around a vertical drum which is turned back and forth by a string connected with the piston rod of the engine. See Indicator card (below).
- Swift - n. - The main card cylinder of a flax-carding machine.
- Platten - a. - To flatten and make into sheets or plates; as, to platten cylinder glass.
- Distribution - n. - The steps or operations by which steam is supplied to and withdrawn from the cylinder at each stroke of the piston; viz., admission, suppression or cutting off, release or exhaust, and compression of exhaust steam prior to the next admission.
- Phonautograph - n. - An instrument by means of which a sound can be made to produce a visible trace or record of itself. It consists essentially of a resonant vessel, usually of paraboloidal form, closed at one end by a flexible membrane. A stylus attached to some point of the membrane records the movements of the latter, as it vibrates, upon a moving cylinder or plate.
- Trunnioned - a. - Provided with trunnions; as, the trunnioned cylinder of an oscillating steam engine.
- Retort - v. t. - A vessel in which substances are subjected to distillation or decomposition by heat. It is made of different forms and materials for different uses, as a bulb of glass with a curved beak to enter a receiver for general chemical operations, or a cylinder or semicylinder of cast iron for the manufacture of gas in gas works.
- Duster - n. - A revolving wire-cloth cylinder which removes the dust from rags, etc.