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- Fossil - a. - Dug out of the earth; as, fossil coal; fossil salt.
- Fossil - a. - Like or pertaining to fossils; contained in rocks, whether petrified or not; as, fossil plants, shells.
- Fossil - n. - A substance dug from the earth.
- Fossil - n. - The remains of an animal or plant found in stratified rocks. Most fossils belong to extinct species, but many of the later ones belong to species still living.
- Fossil - n. - A person whose views and opinions are extremely antiquated; one whose sympathies are with a former time rather than with the present.
- Fossiliferous - a. - Containing or composed of fossils.
- Fossilification - n. - The process of becoming fossil.
- Fossilism - n. - The science or state of fossils.
- Fossilism - n. - The state of being extremely antiquated in views and opinions.
- Fossilist - n. - One who is versed in the science of fossils; a paleontologist.
- Fossilization - n. - The process of converting, or of being converted, into a fossil.
- Fossilize - v. t. - To convert into a fossil; to petrify; as, to fossilize bones or wood.
- Fossilize - v. t. - To cause to become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, as by fossilization; to mummify; to deaden.
- Fossilize - v. i. - To become fossil.
- Fossilize - v. i. - To become antiquated, rigid, or fixed, beyond the influence of change or progress.
- Fossilized - imp. & p. p. - of Fossilize
- Fossilized - a. - Converted into a fossil; antiquated; firmly fixed in views or opinions.
- Fossilizing - p. pr. & vb. n. - of Fossilize
- Coprolite - n. - A piece of petrified dung; a fossil excrement.
- Ginglymodi - n. - An order of ganoid fishes, including the modern gar pikes and many allied fossil forms. They have rhombic, ganoid scales, a heterocercal tail, paired fins without an axis, fulcra on the fins, and a bony skeleton, with the vertebrae convex in front and concave behind, forming a ball and socket joint. See Ganoidel.
- Orthoceratite - n. - An orthoceras; also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras.
- Paleontography - n. - The description of fossil remains.
- Stegocephala - n. pl. - An extinct order of amphibians found fossil in the Mesozoic rocks; called also Stegocephali, and Labyrinthodonta.
- Pecopteris - n. - An extensive genus of fossil ferns; -- so named from the regular comblike arrangement of the leaflets.
- Ceratodus - n. - A genus of ganoid fishes, of the order Dipnoi, first known as Mesozoic fossil fishes; but recently two living species have been discovered in Australian rivers. They have lungs so well developed that they can leave the water and breathe in air. In Australia they are called salmon and baramunda. See Dipnoi, and Archipterygium.
- Xanthidium - n. - A genus of minute unicellular algae of the desmids. These algae have a rounded shape and are armed with glochidiate or branched aculei. Several species occur in ditches, and others are found fossil in flint or hornstone.
- Typolite - n. - A stone or fossil which has on it impressions or figures of plants and animals.
- Fauna - n. - The animals of any given area or epoch; as, the fauna of America; fossil fauna; recent fauna.
- Euosmitte - n. - A fossil resin, so called from its strong, peculiar, pleasant odor.
- Hatteria - n. - A New Zealand lizard, which, in anatomical character, differs widely from all other existing lizards. It is the only living representative of the order Rhynchocephala, of which many Mesozoic fossil species are known; -- called also Sphenodon, and Tuatera.
- Asterolepis - n. - A genus of fishes, some of which were eighteen or twenty feet long, found in a fossil state in the Old Red Sandstone.
- Palmacite - n. - A fossil palm.
- Tetrabranchiata - n. pl. - An order of Cephalopoda having four gills. Among living species it includes only the pearly nautilus. Numerous genera and species are found in the fossil state, such as Ammonites, Baculites, Orthoceras, etc.
- Archaeopteryx - n. - A fossil bird, of the Jurassic period, remarkable for having a long tapering tail of many vertebrae with feathers along each side, and jaws armed with teeth, with other reptilian characteristics.
- Elephant - n. - A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.
- Ichnolite - n. - A fossil footprint; an ichnite.
- Calamite - n. - A fossil plant of the coal formation, having the general form of plants of the modern Equiseta (the Horsetail or Scouring Rush family) but sometimes attaining the height of trees, and having the stem more or less woody within. See Acrogen, and Asterophyllite.
- Asterophyllite - n. - A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and America, now regarded as the branchlets and foliage of calamites.
- Tubiporite - n. - Any fossil coral of the genus Syringopora consisting of a cluster of upright tubes united together by small transverse tubules.
- Hamite - n. - A fossil cephalopod of the genus Hamites, related to the ammonites, but having the last whorl bent into a hooklike form.
- Kapia - n. - The fossil resin of the kauri tree of New Zealand.
- Encrinite - n. - A fossil crinoid, esp. one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in a general sense for any crinoid.
- Echinite - n. - A fossil echinoid.