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oxygen
o x y g e n hex:#111;#120;#121;#103;#101;#110;
The Salt of the World?
- Oxygen - n. - A colorless, tasteless, odorless, gaseous element occurring in the free state in the atmosphere, of which it forms about 23 per cent by weight and about 21 per cent by volume, being slightly heavier than nitrogen. Symbol O. Atomic weight 15.96.
- Oxygen - n. - Chlorine used in bleaching.
- Oxygenate - v. t. - To unite, or cause to combine, with oxygen; to treat with oxygen; to oxidize; as, oxygenated water (hydrogen dioxide).
- Oxygenated - imp. & p. p. - of Oxygenate
- Oxygenating - p. pr. & vb. n. - of Oxygenate
- Oxygenation - n. - The act or process of combining or of treating with oxygen; oxidation.
- Oxygenator - n. - An oxidizer.
- Oxygenic - a. - Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, oxygen; producing oxygen.
- Oxygenium - n. - The technical name of oxygen.
- Oxygenizable - a. - Oxidizable.
- Oxygenize - v. t. - To oxidize.
- Oxygenized - imp. & p. p. - of Oxygenize
- Oxygenizement - n. - Oxidation.
- Oxygenizing - p pr. & vb. n. - of Oxygenize
- Oxygenous - a. - Oxygenic.
- Oxychloric - a. - Of, pertaining to, or designating in general, certain compounds containing oxygen and chlorine.
- Oxide - n. - A binary compound of oxygen with an atom or radical, or a compound which is regarded as binary; as, iron oxide, ethyl oxide, nitrogen oxide, etc.
- Hydroxyl - n. - A compound radical, or unsaturated group, HO, consisting of one atom of hydrogen and one of oxygen. It is a characteristic part of the hydrates, the alcohols, the oxygen acids, etc.
- Peroxide - n. - An oxide containing more oxygen than some other oxide of the same element. Formerly peroxides were regarded as the highest oxides. Cf. Per-, 2.
- Drummond light - - A very intense light, produced by turning two streams of gas, one oxygen and the other hydrogen, or coal gas, in a state of ignition, upon a ball of lime; or a stream of oxygen gas through a flame of alcohol upon a ball or disk of lime; -- called also oxycalcium light, or lime light.
- Calcium - n. - An elementary substance; a metal which combined with oxygen forms lime. It is of a pale yellow color, tenacious, and malleable. It is a member of the alkaline earth group of elements. Atomic weight 40. Symbol Ca.
- Carbohydrate - n. - One of a group of compounds including the sugars, starches, and gums, which contain six (or some multiple of six) carbon atoms, united with a variable number of hydrogen and oxygen atoms, but with the two latter always in proportion as to form water; as dextrose, C6H12O6.
- Perbromic - a. - Pertaining to, or designating, the highest oxygen acid, HBrO4, of bromine.
- Monoxide - n. - An oxide containing one atom of oxygen in each molecule; as, barium monoxide.
- Oxidize - v. t. - To combine with oxygen or with more oxygen; to add oxygen to; as, to oxidize nitrous acid so as to form nitric acid.
- Oxysulphide - n. - A ternary compound of oxygen and sulphur.
- Tetroxide - n. - An oxide having four atoms of oxygen in the molecule; a quadroxide; as, osmium tetroxide, OsO/.
- Acid - n. - One of a class of compounds, generally but not always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. They are also characterized by the power of destroying the distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with them to form salts, at the same time losing their own peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more generally with oxygen, and take their names from this negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids.
- Unisilicate - n. - A salt of orthosilicic acid, H4SiO4; -- so called because the ratio of the oxygen atoms united to the basic metals and silicon respectively is 1:1; for example, Mg2SiO4 or 2MgO.SiO2.
- Bond - n. - A unit of chemical attraction; as, oxygen has two bonds of affinity. It is often represented in graphic formulae by a short line or dash. See Diagram of Benzene nucleus, and Valence.
- Carbon - n. - An elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C. it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal, and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron, etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and Graphite.
- Equivalent - n. - That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically: (a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular compound; as, the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and 16.
- Oxycalcium - a. - Of or pertaining to oxygen and calcium; as, the oxycalcium light. See Drummond light.
- Arterialization - n. - The process of converting venous blood into arterial blood during its passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed and carbonic acid evolved; -- called also aeration and hematosis.
- Bude light - - A light in which high illuminating power is obtained by introducing a jet of oxygen gas or of common air into the center of a flame fed with coal gas or with oil.
- Sulphydrate - n. - A compound, analogous to a hydrate, regarded as a salt of sulphydric acid, or as a derivative of hydrogen sulphide in which one half of the hydrogen is replaced by a base (as potassium sulphydrate, KSH), or as a hydrate in which the oxygen has been wholly or partially replaced by sulphur.
- Aerobies - n. pl. - Microorganisms which live in contact with the air and need oxygen for their growth; as the microbacteria which form on the surface of putrefactive fluids.
- Breath - n. - The air inhaled and exhaled in respiration; air which, in the process of respiration, has parted with oxygen and has received carbonic acid, aqueous vapor, warmth, etc.
- Sulphacid - n. - An acid in which, to a greater or less extent, sulphur plays a part analogous to that of oxygen in an oxyacid; thus, thiosulphuric and sulpharsenic acids are sulphacids; -- called also sulphoacid. See the Note under Acid, n., 2.
- Pentoxide - n. - An oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in each molecule; as, phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5.